Your DSLR camera has a built in light meter that helps you work out the correct exposure.
when you point your camera at something to take a picture your camera meter calculated the exposure.
Most DSLR cameras have a number of metering modes you can use that are something like this…
Evaluative metering mode
This is a general-purpose metering mode suited for portraits and even backlit subjects. The camera sets the exposure automatically to suit the scene your pointing your lens at.
Partial metering mode
Effective when the background is much brighter than the subject due to backlighting etc. Partial metering covers about 9.4% of the viewfinder at the center.
Spot metering mode
This is for metering a specific spot of the subject or scene. The metering is weighted at the center covering about 2.3% of the viewfinder area. When spot metering is set, the spot metering circle will be displayed in the viewfinder.
Center-weighted average metering mode
The metering is weighted at the center and then averaging for the entire scene.
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